Cell therapyhas been identified as an effective method to regenerate damaged tissue.Bone marrow-derivedmononuclear cells (BM-MNCs)were first reportedon a therapeutic angiogenesis for treatment of the ischemic heart in 2000.And the abundant reserve of BM-MNCs in the bone marrow (BM)can avoid the problem ofin vitrocell expansion. Therefore, in the past decades bone marrow MNCs transplantation has been applied clinically forvarious ischemic diseases such as acute myocardial infarction, chronic ischemic cardiomyopathyand so on [1].
Bone marrowis a very heterogeneous compartment with multiple cellpopulations.The term BM-MNCis simply used to collectively denominate all cells present in BM whose nuclei are uninoculated or rounded and lack granules in the cytoplasm. These characteristics give the BM-MNCs a similar density and size, which is different from that of myeloid cells and red-cell progenitors, making them easy to separate by physical means. Among adult human bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells are hematopoietic progenitor cells at different stages of maturation as well as lymphoid cells (lymphocytes, plasmatic cells), monocytes, and macrophages. Furthermore, several cells of nonhematopoietic lineage, or which can differentiate into nonhematopoietic cells, have been identified in the mononuclear fraction of normal human adult BM. Among these are the side population cells, which present a phenotype and functionality characteristic of primitive stem cells having multipotent capacity; mesenchymal stromal cells; very small embryonic-like stem cells, which have characteristics similar to embryonic stem cells; multipotent adult progenitor cells; hemangioblasts (progenitor cells that are common for hematopoietic and vasculogenic lineages); endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs); and tissue-committed stem cells[2].
Generally, BM-MNCs are isolated by density gradient centrifugation in which Ficoll-Paque and Lymphoprep two different density gradient media are often used. It is demonstrated that Ficoll-Paque and Lymphoprep does not affect the composition and quantity of cell types of BM-MNCs.
Briefly, in the Ficoll protocol (used in the REPAIR-AMI trial), bonemarrow aspirates were diluted with 0.9% NaCl (1:5), were filtrated(100mm), and mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradientcentrifugation using Ficoll (800 g, 20 min, without brake).Mononuclear cells were washed three times with 45 mL PBS (800 g), were counted, and used for the experiments or incubated overnightat roomtemperature inX-vivo10 medium containing 20%autologous serum.
In the Lymphoprep protocol, bone marrow was diluted with 0.9% NaCl (1:5),filtrated, and isolated by density gradient centrifugation usingLymphoprep(800 g, 20 min, without brake). Mononuclear cells were washed three times with 45 mL 0.9% NaCl containing 1% autologous heparin-plasma (250 g), counted, and usedfor the experiments or incubated at 48C in 0.9% NaCl containing20% autologous heparin-plasma and 50 IU heparin. An illustrationof protocols is provided inFigure 1.
Figure 1. Isolation protocols at a glance. Bone marrow aspirates were divided and the same volume was used for isolation of BMNC according to the publishedLymphoprep (ASTAMI) or Ficoll (REPAIR-AMI) study protocols[3].
Isolated fractions were characterized by flow cytometry for hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and NK cells using cell surface markers, respectively.
For the identification ofHSC populations, cells were incubated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled antibody against human CD45 and phycoerythrin (PE)-labeled antibody against human CD34 for 15 min at room temperature.
Endothelial progenitor cellswere analyzed by initially incubating samples with mouse serum IgG for 15 min at 4C to block nonspecific binding/specific binding via FcR.Following this, cells were incubated for 15 min at 4C with a cocktail of antibodies comprising allophycocyanin (APC)labeled antibody to CD133 and PE-labeled antibody to VEGFR2 to characterize EPCs and FITC-labeled monoclonal antibodies to CD2, CD13 and CD2 to identify and therefore eliminate inclusion of lineage-negative nonprogenitor cells. To ensure exclusion of nonviable cells in the final EPC count, cells were also incubated with a PerCPCy5- labeled 7AAD stain. Cells were then incubated for 15 min at room temperature with 2 ml of Pharm Lyse buffer to lyse RBCs. Samples were washed once in phosphate-buffered saline and 20 l of AccuCount flow cytometry beads were added before analysis.
Total lymphocyteswere identified by incubating for 15 min at room temperature with MultiTEST, multiclonal, four-color direct immunofluorescence reagent containing anti-bodies CD45-PerCP/ CD16+CD56-PE/CD3-FITC/CD19-APC to identify lymphocytes and the major subsets of NK, T and B cells, respectively [4].
BM-MNCs as a source of stem cells are injected into the heart to treat AMI. The regenerative potential of adult autologous SCs after AMI was assessed for the first time in 2001 by a German group. They used unfractionated bone marrow mononuclear stem cells, which contained both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells, a protocol that was extensively used subsequently. After selective catheterization of the infarct-related artery, the cell suspension has been intracoronary injected. Ten weeks later, the infarct area had been notably reduced (from 24.6% to 15.7%); in addition, cardiac function had improved by 20%-30%. Accordingly, the authors concluded that intracoronary administration of human autologous adult bone marrow mononuclear stem cells is feasibly in clinical settings and that it can promote myocardial regeneration after transmural infarction [6].
Increasing evidence shows that administration of bone marrow MNCs is a potential treatment for various ischemic diseases, such as ischemic stroke. Cell transplantation using BM-MNCs has been well-documented to accelerate angiogenesis/neovascularizationin the several ischemic diseases. BM-MNCs contain endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) that have been shown to contribute to revascularization of ischemic tissues and repair of injured endothelium. Furthermore, bone marrow MNCs may have an advantage because they contain several types of bone marrow cells, including hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, which can produce large numbers of cytokines and trophic factors that promotecentral nervous systemrepair after stroke [7].
The experimental rationale for the use of bone marrow MNCs in stroke therapy includes a number of mechanisms of action, such as the modulation of local and systemic inflammation, promotion of angiogenesis and endogenous neurogenesis, differentiation into cell types that facilitate cellular repair processes, and secretion of neurotrophic factors from the acute phase to the chronic phase after stroke (Figure 2). The main mechanisms are considered to be angiogenesis and a reduction of endothelial damage [8].
Figure 2.Overview of proposed mechanism of cell-based stroke therapies.
BM-MNCs, the heterogeneous cell mixture, are widely used in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine, which can promote distinct angiogenic properties, mediate vascular repair, express several cytoprotective growth factors and cytokines and restore pathologically altered genes after ischemic injury. BM-MNCs can be prepared rapidly within a few hours and be collected autologously just prior to administration, which could be advantageous in acute clinical care settings, compared with other cell sources, such as stem cells requiring a period of cell culture before transplantation.
Human Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells are good resources for bone marrow related research. AcceGen provides the most authenticHuman Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cellsfor any specific research needs. Apart from Human Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells,Non-human Primate Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells,Canine Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells, andother types of Human Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cellsare also provided in AcceGen.
It is our pleasure to help relative researches to move forward. All the products of AcceGen are strictly comply with international standards. For more detailed information, please visit our product portfolio or contactinquiry@accegen.com.
Reference
[1] YangMei, ShengLingling, LiHua,et al:Improvement of the skin flap survival with the bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells transplantation in a rat model: Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cells.Microsurgery, 2010(30): 275-281.
[2] Natividad Cuende, Laura Rico, and Concha Herrera:Concise Review: Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells for the Treatment of Ischemic Syndromes: Medicinal Product or Cell Transplantation?Stem Cells Transl Med, 2012 (5): 403-408.
[3] Florian H. Seeger, Torsten Tonn, Nicola Krzossok,et al:Cell isolation procedures matter: a comparison of different isolation protocols of bone marrow mononuclear cells used for cell therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction.European Heart Journal, 2007(28): 766772.
[4]Yeo, Saunders, Locca,et al.:Ficoll-Paque versus Lymphoprep: a comparative study of two density gradient media for therapeutic bone marrow mononuclear cell preparations.Regen. Med. 2009 (5): 689696
[5] Fabio S. Aguiar, Andr S. Melo, Ana Maria S. Arajo,et al:Autologous bone marrow-derivedmononuclear cell therapy in three patientswith severe asthma.Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 2020(11):167-175.
[6] Miruna Mihaela Micheu, Maria Dorobantu:Fifteen years of bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy in acute myocardial infarction.World J Stem Cells,2017 (4): 68-76.
[7] AKIKO NAKANO-DOI, TAKAYUKI NAKAGOM, MASATOSHI FUJIKAWA,et al:Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Promote Proliferation of Endogenous Neural Stem Cells Through Vascular Niches After Cerebral Infarction.STEM CELLS2010 (28):12921302
[8] Satoshi Suda, Chikako Nito, Shoji Yokobori,et al:Recent Advances in Cell-Based Therapies for Ischemic Stroke.Int. J. Mol. Sci.2020 (21) : 6718-6742
Read the original here:
Human Bone Marrow-derived Mononuclear Cells and Their Applications - PharmiWeb.com
- Instructing iPS cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells to inhibit abnormal bone formation in FOP - Medical Xpress - March 28th, 2024
- Clinical application of mesenchymal stem cell in regenerative medicine ... - March 22nd, 2024
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells: The Past Present and Future - March 22nd, 2024
- CytoMed Diversifies into Regenerative Medicine after Research Collaboration with Singapore's Sengkang General ... - Yahoo Finance - March 20th, 2024
- Overexpression of Wnt5a promoted the protective effect of mesenchymal stem cells on Lipopolysaccharide-induced ... - BMC Infectious Diseases - March 20th, 2024
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells: What We Have Learned and How to Manage Them - MDPI - March 17th, 2024
- Mesenchymal stem cells and their microenvironment - March 17th, 2024
- Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as a valuable source for the treatment ... - March 17th, 2024
- Proteomic characterization of hUC-MSC extracellular vesicles and evaluation of its therapeutic potential to treat ... - Nature.com - March 13th, 2024
- The impact understanding of exosome therapy in COVID-19 and preparations for the future approaches in dealing with ... - Nature.com - March 13th, 2024
- CytoMed Therapeutics Limited Announces Research Collaboration with Singapore Sengkang General Hospital to ... - Yahoo Finance UK - March 7th, 2024
- CytoMed Therapeutics Limited Announces Research Collaboration with Singapore Sengkang General Hospital to ... - Yahoo Finance - March 6th, 2024
- Combatting osteoarthritis with cartilage replacement therapy - Drug Target Review - March 3rd, 2024
- Ethical considerations in Stem Cell therapy for ALS - Cyprus Mail - February 27th, 2024
- Therapeutic Solutions International Files Patent on Facilitating Effects of JadiCells on Gene Therapy Mediated Cell ... - Business Wire - February 27th, 2024
- Stem Cell Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis - Health Central - February 27th, 2024
- Expanding the Horizons of Cell and Gene Therapy - RegMedNet - February 24th, 2024
- Early differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells is reflected in their dielectrophoretic behavior | Scientific Reports - Nature.com - February 22nd, 2024
- Orthopaedics Department's Regenerative Research Highlighted at ORS Annual Meeting - InventUM - University of Miami - February 20th, 2024
- Cellular uptake and in vivo distribution of mesenchymal-stem-cell-derived extracellular vesicles are protein corona ... - Nature.com - February 18th, 2024
- New University spin-out developing novel adult stem cell-based Therapies - News - University of Liverpool - News - February 15th, 2024
- Examining the potential of the common bovine as a potential therapeutic research model - Medical Xpress - February 15th, 2024
- Intentional Interference: Genetic Engineering Medium Aids The Transfection Of MSCs With siRNA - BioProcess Online - February 15th, 2024
- Cellular senescence is associated with osteonecrosis of the femoral head while mesenchymal stem cell conditioned ... - Nature.com - February 9th, 2024
- Stem Cell Therapy for Crohns Disease Shows Promising Results - RegMedNet - February 9th, 2024
- Targeted transcriptomic analysis of synovial tissues from horses with septic arthritis treated with immune-activated ... - American Veterinary Medical... - February 7th, 2024
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Immunomodulation: Mechanisms and ... - Cell Press - February 7th, 2024
- New Cell Therapy for ARDS: A Groundbreaking Development and Other Respiratory Health Breakthroughs - Medriva - February 7th, 2024
- Effective treatment of optic neuropathies by intraocular delivery of MSC-sEVs through augmenting the G-CSF ... - pnas.org - January 31st, 2024
- Global Stem Cell Therapy Industry Outlook to 2028, Driven by Therapeutic Innovations and Clinical Advancements ... - Yahoo Finance - January 29th, 2024
- Out-of-this-world study will test how stem cells function in space - YP - January 29th, 2024
- The Applications of Cell Therapy - Technology Networks - January 26th, 2024
- STEM CELL THERAPY FOR MS COST: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW? - Island Echo - January 24th, 2024
- Understanding Neuromyelitis Optica: Role of NF-B and Therapeutic Potential - Medriva - January 20th, 2024
- Faculty member Arnold Caplan passes away The Daily The Daily - The Daily | Case Western Reserve University - January 18th, 2024
- Effects of fine particulate matter on bone marrow-conserved hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic ... - Nature.com - January 11th, 2024
- Expression of HLA-DR by mesenchymal stromal cells in the platelet lysate era: an obsolete release criterion for MSCs ... - Journal of Translational... - January 11th, 2024
- NurOwn and its exosomes for ALS given patents in Europe, elsewhere - ALS News Today - January 8th, 2024
- Single-cell analysis reveals the stromal dynamics and tumor-specific characteristics in the microenvironment of ovarian ... - Nature.com - January 8th, 2024
- First in Class Combination Stem Cell and Exosome Therapy to Treat Pulmonary Fibrosis in Long Haul Covid Patients ... - Yahoo Finance - January 4th, 2024
- Choosing the Right Excipients for MSC and iPSC Therapies - Pharmaceutical Technology Magazine - January 4th, 2024
- Mitochondria Transplantation Therapy It's Farther Along Than You Think - BioProcess Online - January 2nd, 2024
- Embryonic-stem-cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells relieve experimental contact urticaria by regulating the functions ... - Nature.com - December 21st, 2023
- Type I collagen and fibromodulin enhance the tenogenic phenotype of hASCs and their potential for tendon ... - Nature.com - December 19th, 2023
- Could the 'central dogma' of biology be misleading bioengineers? - Phys.org - December 13th, 2023
- The Risks of Stem Cell and Exosome Treatments for Long COVID: A Call for Stricter Regulations - Medriva - December 13th, 2023
- Mesenchymal stem cells from biology to therapy - PMC - December 11th, 2023
- The Safety and Efficacy of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived ... - Cureus - December 5th, 2023
- The pivotal role of Nrf2 signal axis in IDD | JIR - Dove Medical Press - December 5th, 2023
- Futuristic Novel Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of ... - Cureus - December 3rd, 2023
- Cartilage's Contribution in Otology: A Comprehensive Review of Its ... - Cureus - December 3rd, 2023
- Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells: a review of clinical applications ... - November 29th, 2023
- Comparative evaluation of 3D-printed and conventional implants in ... - Nature.com - November 29th, 2023
- Expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin in Epithelial-to ... - Cureus - November 29th, 2023
- Enhancing the immunosuppressive properties of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells - Phys.org - November 29th, 2023
- 'Great Potential' in Stem Cell Therapies for Knee Osteoarthritis ... - Pain News Network - November 25th, 2023
- Dietary Sources, Bioavailability, and Functions of Ascorbic Acid ... - Cureus - November 25th, 2023
- FY 2024 VA-Funded Projects - VA's Office of Research and Development - November 25th, 2023
- Real-world data suggest effectiveness of the allogeneic ... - Journal of Translational Medicine - November 23rd, 2023
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Characteristics, Function, and Application - November 23rd, 2023
- Combined application of therapeutic viruses and nanomaterials to ... - News-Medical.Net - November 23rd, 2023
- Progress in the Development of Stem Cell-Derived Cell-Free ... - Dove Medical Press - November 23rd, 2023
- Improving the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses for cancer ... - Journal of Translational Medicine - November 23rd, 2023
- 11.22.23 -- How To Lose A Batch In 10 Days - BioProcess Online - November 23rd, 2023
- The Pros and Cons of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapies - November 19th, 2023
- Leptin's influence on MMP-1 expression | JIR - Dove Medical Press - November 15th, 2023
- TWIST1 and TSG6 are coordinately regulated and function as ... - Science - November 11th, 2023
- Association between severe acute malnutrition in childhood and ... - BioMed Central - November 11th, 2023
- Global Market for Treatments for Syndromes of Progressive Ataxia and Weakness Disorders - Yahoo Finance - November 11th, 2023
- Stem Cell Restore Reviews - Does It Work? Real Green Valley ... - The Daily World - November 11th, 2023
- Biological and genetic characterization of a newly established ... - Nature.com - November 11th, 2023
- Placental Stem Cell Collection and Storage Industry Scope ... - Argyle Report - November 9th, 2023
- In Vitro Evaluation of Light-Induced Cytotoxic Property: Synergistic ... - Cureus - November 9th, 2023
- UF professor launches nonprofit to equalize cell-based therapy access - Mainstreet Daily News Gainesville - November 7th, 2023
- Who are the leading innovators in cell immunomodulation for the ... - Pharmaceutical Technology - November 7th, 2023
- The Association of Vitamin D, Growth/Differentiation Factor 5 (GDF-5 ... - Cureus - November 7th, 2023
- Outcome of Physiotherapy Treatment on a 28-Year-Old Male ... - Cureus - November 7th, 2023
- Prognostic and immunotherapeutic significance of immunogenic cell ... - Nature.com - November 7th, 2023
- Cell Processing Solution Market to Witness Massive Growth by 2030 ... - Argyle Report - November 7th, 2023
- MDA-9/Syntenin in the tumor and microenvironment defines prostate ... - pnas.org - November 5th, 2023
Recent Comments