As the year 2021 comes to a close, CancerNetwork sat down with Yael Cohen, MD, to discuss practice-changing clinical research in multiple myeloma that read out in 2021 and potential FDA updates that may take place in 2022.
The year 2021 yielded promising clinical research in the myeloma space, such as the extended findings of the phase 2 GRIFFIN trial (NCT02874742) of combination therapy with daratumumab (Darzalex) in patients with transplant-eligible myeloma as well as results that will support the FDAs upcoming decision on the approval of ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) in February 2022. According to Yael, there is much to look forward to in the new year.
Presented during the 2021 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and Exposition, the extended 2-year findings of the GRIFFIN trialwhich assessed the use of daratumumab, lenalidomide (Revlimid), bortezomib (Velcade), and dexamethasone (D-RVd) plus autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) followed by daratumumab plus lenalidomide maintenance in newly diagnosed myelomarevealed that D-RVd provided robust, durable responses in patients with transplant-eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.1 Findings from the trial indicated that after a follow-up of 38.6 months, patients treated with the investigational regimen experienced a stringent complete response (CR) rate of 66.0% compared with 47.4% among patients treated with RVd alone (P = .0096). Moreover, MRD negativity rates in both populations were 64% and 30%, respectively. Additionally, despite not being powered to assess progression-free survival (PFS), investigators reported a 36-month rate PFS of 88.9% in the quadruplet arm compared with 81.2% in the triplet arm.
The addition of daratumumabreally produced an upgrade [in terms] of the MRD negativity in the first line, Cohen, senior physician in the Department of Hematology at Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical center, stated in an interview with CancerNetwork.
Moreover, she expressed excitement for the potential approval of cilta-cel for patients with relapsed/refractory disease in the coming year. The CAR T-cell product was recently assessed as part of the multicohort phase 2 CARTITUDE-2 study (NCT04133636), which enrolled patients with previously treated, progressive disease.2 Findings from the trial indicated that patients achieved an overall response rate of 95% (95% CI, 75.1%-99.9%), including a rate of CR or better of 85% (95% CI, 62.1%-96.8%) and a rate of very good partial response or better of 90% (95% CI, 68.3%-98.8%). The median duration of response was not reached. Investigators also reported that patients achieved a 6-month PFS rate of 95% (95% CI, 69.5%-99.3%) and a 12-month PFS rate of 84% (95% CI, 64.0%-94.7%). A total of 13 patients were evaluable for minimal residual disease (MRD) at the 10-5 threshold, 92% of whom were reported to be MRD negative.
In an interview, Cohen highlighted her excitement for upcoming findings, her experiences working as a hematologist in Israel, and the need to make CAR T-cell products more widely available for patients with multiple myeloma.
It would be a really great thing. Hopefully, it will be accessible. Idecabtagene vicleucel [Abecma], a BCMA-directed] CAR T-cell therapy, has been approved in March 2021, but they are facing some access problems and logistical problems.3 [Therefore], it remains to be seen what will happen with cilta-cel. Hopefully, it might be another option and maybe it will go better. Its really a game changer and its very exciting. I am a hematologist from Israel and I know we are not getting it immediately upon approval; it will start here in the United States. [However], we are very hopeful that it will also be available in our country for our patients.
[In terms of] regulatory decisions, I know some of the bispecific T-cell engager [BiTEs] products are in accelerated approval and some are [due] to enter accelerate approval. Im not sure exactly how theyre spaced out in the upcoming year, but surely they will be coming up soon. We are certainly waiting. Those are the big things.
The GRIFFIN trial, which is a trial for [patients with] newly diagnosed myeloma [who] were transplant eligible. This is the addition of daratumumab to first-line therapy. There was a standard practice of VRd [plus] transplant, VRd consolidation, and then lenalidomide and (dexamethasone); this is the [regimen from the] IFM 2009 trial [NCT01191060]. This was also way that we treat patients in our countryin Israel. In the United States, I believe its the standard.
The estimates for first-line therapy will yield maybe 7 or 8 years of progression-free survival. Thats a huge change because where we were at 4 to 5 years [previously]. Hopefully, if we start the patients off like this, then by the time they progress, we will maybe be able to offer them a much better treatment, maybe even curative treatment. Im sure all these CAR T-cell [products] and BiTEs will be mature and we will have them available. This is a major leap forward for myeloma.
Originally posted here:
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